Polycyctic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common & under-diagnosed and undertreated endocrine disorder affecting between 9% & 18% of reproductive age women who face lifelong health risks. Lifestyle management is the primary treatment approach to preventing or ameliorating these risks. PCOS, as an endocrine disorder, causes an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and cancer later in life. The reproductive life span of PCOS women extend beyond that of non-PCOS women due to higher adrenal and ovarian androgen levels, which decline with age, resulting in a higher likelihood of pregnancy later in life for some women who have struggled with infertility during their childbearing years. Women with PCOS have higher rates of anxiety and depression due to hormone imbalances or consequences of condition frustration. Routine screening for eating disorders also is recommended for women with PCOS.

The optimal diet for PCOS hasn't yet been determined, although diet didn’t matter as much as weight loss, which improved metabolic and reproductive parameters. Eating plans that include foods with a lower GI and GL, or modifying carbohydrate, fat, or protein amounts have been associated with reduced metabolic markers associated with PCOS, even without weight loss. Anti-inflammatory diet showed significant reduction in cholesterol, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and CRP, and was associated with a significant regain of menstrual cyclicity. DASH diet had similar outcomes being rich in antioxidants and resulted in significant reduction in insulin & CRP and improvement in waist circumference measures. Supplements, such as NAC, Inositol, Vit D, Fish Oil, Vit B12, showed a variety of benefits with PCOS patients ranging from hormone balancing, fertility and menstrual regularity, insulin sensitivity, improvement in pregnancy & ovulation rates, improved metabolic parameters and reduced fatty liver and decreased inflammation. Dietitians have a vital role in management of PCOS to optimize patient health and prevent disease.

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PCOS Lifestyle Management